Selective Mutism
Early signs of Selective Mutism on a home visit
On a home visit, look for a child who speaks freely with family but consistently cannot speak to you — freezing, whispering or going silent — with the pattern lasting beyond a month and affecting school or friendships. It is anxiety-based, not shyness or hearing loss; refer when the pattern is clear.
During a home visit, a child who chats freely with parents but falls completely silent the moment you step in isn't being shy or rude — that pattern itself is a clue worth noticing.
In short
Selective Mutism (ICD-11 6B06) is when a child speaks comfortably in some settings — usually at home with close family — yet consistently cannot speak in specific other settings, such as with visitors, at the anganwadi or at school. During a home visit, watch for a child who talks normally with parents but freezes, whispers or goes silent with you, with the pattern lasting at least a month (beyond the first month of school). It is an anxiety-based difficulty, not stubbornness or hearing loss.Signs to watch on a home visit
The core pattern- Speaks easily and audibly with parents or siblings, but does not speak to you at all
- Goes quiet, looks down, freezes or hides when you ask a direct question
- May whisper to a parent who then answers for them, or point and gesture instead of speaking
Body and behaviour
- Stiff posture, frozen facial expression, avoiding eye contact when addressed
- Clinging to a parent, slow to warm up, visibly anxious around an unfamiliar adult
- Confirm from parents that the child can and does speak normally elsewhere — this rules out a general language delay
Important checks
- Ask whether hearing seems normal and whether the child speaks at home — silence everywhere may point to a different concern
- Note if the silence has lasted more than a month and is interfering with school or making friends
When to refer
A single quiet visit is not enough — shyness with a stranger is normal. Refer when the speaks-here-but-not-there pattern is consistent across more than a month and affects school or social life. Early support works well, so do not adopt "wait and see" once the pattern is clear. Refer in parallel for a hearing check.The Pinnacle way
A clinical AbilityScore® and any diagnosis are formed only at a Pinnacle Blooms Network centre under qualified clinician care — your home-visit observations help start that pathway, they do not label the child. Our speech therapy and child-anxiety teams support children with Selective Mutism using gentle, gradual steps that lower pressure to speak.Trusted sources
Aligned with WHO ICD-11 (6B06 Selective mutism), the American Speech-Language-Hearing Association, and NICE guidance on children's social and emotional wellbeing.Next step — to refer a child you are concerned about, reach the Pinnacle clinical team on WhatsApp: +91 91001 81181.
This is general information, not a diagnosis — a clinical AbilityScore® and any diagnosis are formed only at a Pinnacle Blooms Network centre under qualified clinician care.
What to watch
Escalate to referral when the speaks-at-home-but-silent-elsewhere pattern persists beyond a month and disrupts school or friendships, or when a parent reports the child has stopped speaking in places they used to — confirm hearing and home speech are normal first.
Try this at home
Don't pressure the child to speak. Give a friendly smile, lower your gaze, and let a parent lead — then ask the parent whether the child talks freely at home. The contrast is your strongest clue.
Trusted sources
Developed by SETU Consortium · Pinnacle Blooms Network · Last reviewed 2026-06-10
This is general information, not a diagnosis. A clinical AbilityScore® and any diagnosis are formed only at a Pinnacle Blooms Network centre, under qualified clinician care.
Frequently asked
Is a child silent during a home visit always a sign of Selective Mutism?
No. Shyness with an unfamiliar adult is common and normal. Selective Mutism is suspected only when the child speaks freely in some settings (usually home) but consistently cannot speak in specific others, with the pattern lasting beyond a month and affecting daily life.
How is Selective Mutism different from a speech or language delay?
In Selective Mutism the child can and does speak normally in comfortable settings — so language ability is intact. A child who does not speak in any setting, including at home, may have a language or hearing concern instead, which needs a different referral.
What should I do if I notice these signs?
Avoid pressuring the child to talk, reassure the parents it is an anxiety-based difficulty that responds well to early support, arrange a hearing check, and refer for a clinician-led developmental assessment.