# ICHI Interventions for FASD in Young Children

Canonical: https://pinnacleblooms.org/ask/which-ichi-health-interventions-apply-to-fetal-alcohol-spectrum-disorder-in-young-children
Publisher: Pinnacle Blooms Network / Bharath Healthcare Laboratories Private Limited

FASD (ICD-11 LD2F.00) has no single intervention; in young children ICHI-aligned care clusters around communication/language training, cognitive and attention interventions, sensorimotor and adaptive therapy, behavioural and parent-mediated training, and caregiver education. ICHI codes the action via Target–Action–Means, so interventions are selected by the child's functional profile, not the label alone.

*A diagnosis names the condition — but it is the intervention map that changes a child's trajectory.*

## In short
Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder (ICD-11 **LD2F.00**) has no single curative pathway; in young children the evidence points to a coordinated, multi-domain intervention set best described through the **WHO International Classification of Health Interventions (ICHI)** — spanning communication and language training, cognitive and attention interventions, motor and sensory-integration therapy, behavioural and parent-mediated training, and caregiver education. ICHI codes the *action* (Target–Action–Means), so for FASD they cluster around training, education and therapeutic functions delivered across speech, occupational, behavioural and family-support domains. The goal in early childhood is functional gain and environmental adaptation, not remediation of a fixed deficit.

## The intervention map (ICHI-aligned)
ICHI describes interventions as a **Target–Action–Means** triad rather than a diagnosis-specific list. For young children with FASD, the clinically relevant clusters are:

- **Communication & language** — interventions targeting expressive/receptive language and social-pragmatic communication, delivered as therapeutic training (see /speech-therapy).
- **Cognition, attention & executive function** — structured training targeting attention regulation, working memory and self-regulation, often the highest-yield domain in FASD.
- **Sensorimotor & adaptive function** — occupational-therapy interventions targeting fine/gross motor coordination, sensory processing and daily-living skills (see /occupational-therapy).
- **Behaviour & emotional regulation** — behavioural interventions and parent-mediated training targeting dysregulation, with strong evidence for caregiver-delivered models.
- **Caregiver education & environmental adaptation** — interventions targeting the family system: psychoeducation, advocacy and structuring the child's environment to reduce demand mismatch.

FASD is a **lifelong neurodevelopmental condition with diffuse CNS involvement**, so the operative principle is *function-first*: select interventions by the child's current profile across domains, not by the label alone. This is why a structured profile precedes any programme.

## When to escalate
Refer promptly for medical and developmental assessment where there is confirmed prenatal alcohol exposure with growth, facial or CNS features, or where regulation, sleep or feeding difficulties disrupt daily function. Co-occurring conditions (ADHD-type presentations, learning difficulty, epilepsy) are common and warrant their own pathways.

## The Pinnacle way
A clinical **AbilityScore®** — and any diagnosis — is formed only at a Pinnacle Blooms Network centre, under qualified clinician care; it is a clinician-administered structured assessment, never a self-calculated or online figure. From that profile we build the domain-matched intervention set, coordinated across [speech therapy](/speech-therapy), [occupational therapy](/occupational-therapy) and family support. Start by [understanding the AbilityScore®](/ask/what-is-the-abilityscore-and-how-is-it-calculated), or explore the wider [Pinnacle approach](/).

## Trusted sources
WHO International Classification of Health Interventions (ICHI) and ICD-11 (LD2F.00); WHO ICF framework for functioning-based intervention planning; CDC guidance on FASD identification and management; AAP developmental surveillance principles.

**Next step —** Map your young patient's domains before selecting interventions — [request a clinician-led AbilityScore® assessment](/).

This is general information, not a diagnosis — individual assessment and diagnosis require an appropriately qualified healthcare professional.

## Sources
- WHO ICD-11 — LD2F.00 Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder: https://icd.who.int
- WHO International Classification of Health Interventions (ICHI): https://www.who.int
- CDC — FASD identification and management: https://www.cdc.gov
- AAP — developmental surveillance principles: https://www.aap.org

## Connected topics and perspectives
- Conditions: https://pinnacleblooms.org/ask/conditions
- Therapist: https://pinnacleblooms.org/ask/lens/stakeholder/therapist
- Context: https://pinnacleblooms.org/ask/lens/domain/context
- Support: https://pinnacleblooms.org/ask/lens/intent/support
- Screen: https://pinnacleblooms.org/ask/lens/lifecycle/screen
- Autism Therapy: https://pinnacleblooms.org/ask/lens/route/autism-therapy
- Family Empowerment: https://pinnacleblooms.org/ask/lens/empowerment/family_empowerment

## Related question paths

### Understand the subject
- ICF Functioning Domains Affected by FASD in Early Childhood: https://pinnacleblooms.org/ask/which-icf-functioning-domains-does-fetal-alcohol-spectrum-disorder-affect-in-early-childhood
- Early intervention outcomes for FASD in children under 7: https://pinnacleblooms.org/ask/what-does-current-research-show-about-early-intervention-outcomes-for-fetal-alcohol-spectrum-disorder-in-children-under-7
- Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder: ICD-11 Definition & Early Features: https://pinnacleblooms.org/ask/what-is-fetal-alcohol-spectrum-disorder-and-what-are-its-icd-11-features-in-early-childhood
- How FASD Affects a Child's Daily Life: https://pinnacleblooms.org/ask/how-does-fetal-alcohol-spectrum-disorder-affect-a-child-s-daily-life
- Is Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder considered a disability?: https://pinnacleblooms.org/ask/is-fetal-alcohol-spectrum-disorder-considered-a-disability
- Is FASD Genetic or Hereditary?: https://pinnacleblooms.org/ask/is-fetal-alcohol-spectrum-disorder-genetic-or-hereditary
- Common Myths About Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder: https://pinnacleblooms.org/ask/what-are-common-myths-about-fetal-alcohol-spectrum-disorder
- What are the types or levels of Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder?: https://pinnacleblooms.org/ask/what-are-the-types-or-levels-of-fetal-alcohol-spectrum-disorder
- What causes Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder in children?: https://pinnacleblooms.org/ask/what-causes-fetal-alcohol-spectrum-disorder-in-children
- What is Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder?: https://pinnacleblooms.org/ask/what-is-fetal-alcohol-spectrum-disorder
- What is Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder, and what does it look like in early childhood?: https://pinnacleblooms.org/ask/what-is-fetal-alcohol-spectrum-disorder-and-what-does-it-look-like-in-early-childhood
- ICD-11 Classification for Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder: https://pinnacleblooms.org/ask/what-is-the-icd-11-classification-for-fetal-alcohol-spectrum-disorder

### Recognise signs & concerns
- Can Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder be cured?: https://pinnacleblooms.org/ask/can-fetal-alcohol-spectrum-disorder-be-cured
- Can Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder be prevented?: https://pinnacleblooms.org/ask/can-fetal-alcohol-spectrum-disorder-be-prevented
- Do boys show Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder differently?: https://pinnacleblooms.org/ask/do-boys-show-fetal-alcohol-spectrum-disorder-differently
- Do girls show FASD differently?: https://pinnacleblooms.org/ask/do-girls-show-fetal-alcohol-spectrum-disorder-differently
- Spotting FASD Early: A Frontline Worker Guide: https://pinnacleblooms.org/ask/how-can-a-frontline-health-worker-spot-a-child-with-possible-fetal-alcohol-spectrum-disorder-early
- Should I be worried my child might have FASD?: https://pinnacleblooms.org/ask/should-i-be-worried-my-child-might-have-fetal-alcohol-spectrum-disorder
- Early Signs of Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder: https://pinnacleblooms.org/ask/what-are-the-early-signs-of-fetal-alcohol-spectrum-disorder
- Early Signs of FASD in a 1-Year-Old Boy: https://pinnacleblooms.org/ask/what-are-the-early-signs-of-fetal-alcohol-spectrum-disorder-in-a-1-year-old-boy
- Early Signs of FASD in a 1-Year-Old Girl: https://pinnacleblooms.org/ask/what-are-the-early-signs-of-fetal-alcohol-spectrum-disorder-in-a-1-year-old-girl
- Early Signs of Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder in a 12-to-18-Month-Old: https://pinnacleblooms.org/ask/what-are-the-early-signs-of-fetal-alcohol-spectrum-disorder-in-a-12-to-18-month-old
- Early Signs of Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder at 18–24 Months: https://pinnacleblooms.org/ask/what-are-the-early-signs-of-fetal-alcohol-spectrum-disorder-in-a-18-to-24-month-old
- Early Signs of Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder in a 2-Year-Old: https://pinnacleblooms.org/ask/what-are-the-early-signs-of-fetal-alcohol-spectrum-disorder-in-a-2-year-old

### Explore causes & influences
- Are boys more likely to have Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder?: https://pinnacleblooms.org/ask/are-boys-more-likely-to-have-fetal-alcohol-spectrum-disorder
- Are girls more likely to have FASD?: https://pinnacleblooms.org/ask/are-girls-more-likely-to-have-fetal-alcohol-spectrum-disorder
- Early intervention for FASD: advancing UNCRPD and the SDGs: https://pinnacleblooms.org/ask/how-does-early-intervention-for-fetal-alcohol-spectrum-disorder-advance-un-child-rights-uncrpd-and-the-sdgs
- What are the known contributing factors for FASD in early childhood?: https://pinnacleblooms.org/ask/what-are-the-known-contributing-factors-for-fetal-alcohol-spectrum-disorder-in-early-childhood
- What Causes Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder in Young Children?: https://pinnacleblooms.org/ask/what-causes-fetal-alcohol-spectrum-disorder-in-young-children
- Cost-Effectiveness of Early Therapy for FASD: https://pinnacleblooms.org/ask/what-is-the-cost-effectiveness-of-early-therapy-for-fetal-alcohol-spectrum-disorder-in-young-children
- FASD prevalence and public-health burden in India: https://pinnacleblooms.org/ask/what-is-the-prevalence-and-public-health-burden-of-fetal-alcohol-spectrum-disorder-among-young-children-in-india

### Understand assessment
- Standardised tools for assessing FASD in early childhood: https://pinnacleblooms.org/ask/which-standardised-tools-are-used-to-assess-fetal-alcohol-spectrum-disorder-in-early-childhood
- How AbilityScore tracks FASD progress: https://pinnacleblooms.org/ask/how-does-abilityscore-track-progress-in-a-child-with-fetal-alcohol-spectrum-disorder
- How Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder Is Assessed in a Young Child: https://pinnacleblooms.org/ask/how-is-fetal-alcohol-spectrum-disorder-assessed-in-a-young-child
- How Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder Is Assessed in Children Under 7: https://pinnacleblooms.org/ask/how-is-fetal-alcohol-spectrum-disorder-assessed-in-children-under-7
- What does an AbilityScore of 0–100 mean for a child with FASD?: https://pinnacleblooms.org/ask/what-does-an-abilityscore-of-0-100-mean-for-a-child-with-fetal-alcohol-spectrum-disorder
- What an AbilityScore® of 100–200 Means for a Child with FASD: https://pinnacleblooms.org/ask/what-does-an-abilityscore-of-100-200-mean-for-a-child-with-fetal-alcohol-spectrum-disorder
- AbilityScore 200–300 in Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder: https://pinnacleblooms.org/ask/what-does-an-abilityscore-of-200-300-mean-for-a-child-with-fetal-alcohol-spectrum-disorder
- What an AbilityScore of 300–400 Means for a Child with FASD: https://pinnacleblooms.org/ask/what-does-an-abilityscore-of-300-400-mean-for-a-child-with-fetal-alcohol-spectrum-disorder
- What an AbilityScore® of 400–500 Means for a Child with FASD: https://pinnacleblooms.org/ask/what-does-an-abilityscore-of-400-500-mean-for-a-child-with-fetal-alcohol-spectrum-disorder
- What does an AbilityScore of 500-600 mean for a child with FASD?: https://pinnacleblooms.org/ask/what-does-an-abilityscore-of-500-600-mean-for-a-child-with-fetal-alcohol-spectrum-disorder
- AbilityScore 600–700 in Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder: https://pinnacleblooms.org/ask/what-does-an-abilityscore-of-600-700-mean-for-a-child-with-fetal-alcohol-spectrum-disorder
- What does an AbilityScore of 700–800 mean for a child with FASD?: https://pinnacleblooms.org/ask/what-does-an-abilityscore-of-700-800-mean-for-a-child-with-fetal-alcohol-spectrum-disorder

### Explore therapy & support
- How therapy helps a child with FASD make progress: https://pinnacleblooms.org/ask/how-does-therapy-help-a-child-with-fetal-alcohol-spectrum-disorder-make-progress
- Evidence-Based FASD Therapy Plan for Young Children: https://pinnacleblooms.org/ask/what-does-an-evidence-based-therapy-plan-for-a-young-child-with-fetal-alcohol-spectrum-disorder-include
- Treatment and therapy options for Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder: https://pinnacleblooms.org/ask/what-are-the-treatment-and-therapy-options-for-fetal-alcohol-spectrum-disorder
- What therapy goals matter most for a child with FASD?: https://pinnacleblooms.org/ask/what-therapy-goals-matter-most-for-a-child-with-fetal-alcohol-spectrum-disorder
- How to Support a Child with FASD Day to Day: https://pinnacleblooms.org/ask/as-a-grandparent-or-caregiver-how-can-i-support-a-child-with-fetal-alcohol-spectrum-disorder-day-to-day
- Can a child with FASD attend a mainstream school?: https://pinnacleblooms.org/ask/can-a-child-with-fetal-alcohol-spectrum-disorder-attend-a-mainstream-school
- Can a Child with Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder Attend a Regular School?: https://pinnacleblooms.org/ask/can-a-child-with-fetal-alcohol-spectrum-disorder-attend-a-regular-school
- Can a Child With Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder Live Independently?: https://pinnacleblooms.org/ask/can-a-child-with-fetal-alcohol-spectrum-disorder-grow-up-to-live-independently
- How a Teacher Can Help a Child with FASD Learn: https://pinnacleblooms.org/ask/how-can-a-classroom-teacher-help-a-child-with-fetal-alcohol-spectrum-disorder-take-part-and-learn
- District early intervention for children under 7 with FASD: https://pinnacleblooms.org/ask/how-can-a-district-early-intervention-programme-identify-and-support-children-under-7-with-fetal-alcohol-spectrum-disorder
- How a teacher can include a child with FASD in a mainstream classroom: https://pinnacleblooms.org/ask/how-can-a-teacher-include-and-support-a-young-child-with-fetal-alcohol-spectrum-disorder-in-a-mainstream-classroom
- How Is FASD Diagnosed in a Child?: https://pinnacleblooms.org/ask/how-is-fetal-alcohol-spectrum-disorder-diagnosed-in-a-child

### At home & in everyday life
- How can I support my child with Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder at home?: https://pinnacleblooms.org/ask/how-can-i-support-my-child-with-fetal-alcohol-spectrum-disorder-at-home