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Signs & concerns
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Signs & concerns
What Sensory milestones should my 6-year-old have reached?
By six, most children manage everyday sounds, textures, movement and busy settings without being overwhelmed, and stay settled at school. Occasional dislikes are normal; consistent sensory responses that stop your child joining meals, play or class across settings are worth a screen.
Read the answer AnswerWhat Sensory milestones should my 9-to-12-month-old have reached?
Between 9 and 12 months most babies turn to quiet sounds and their name, track small objects, explore textures by hand and mouth, and accept lumpy and finger foods. These are typical patterns, not a pass-or-fail test — a curious, responsive baby is the best reassurance. Note any lack of reaction to sound, loss of skills, or strong distress at textures, and mention it at your next check.
Read the answer AnswerWhat Sensory milestones should my newborn have reached?
Newborn senses are present from birth: by 3 months expect startling to loud sound, turning to your voice, focusing on faces 20-30 cm away, brief tracking of moving objects, and calming when held. These are gentle milestones, not pass-fail tests.
Read the answer AnswerSensory red flags that should prompt a developmental referral
Refer for developmental assessment when sensory responses are persistent, pervasive across settings and functionally disabling — not isolated quirks. Red flags include failed newborn hearing or vision screens, no sound response or visual tracking by expected ages, extreme sustained over- or under-reactivity, oral-sensory feeding refusal affecting growth, and sensory patterns disrupting sleep, feeding, social engagement or participation. Failed sensory screens are urgent; broader sensory-processing concerns route to developmental and occupational-therapy assessment.
Read the answer AnswerWhat sensory warning signs should an ASHA worker act on?
ASHA workers should act on a child who consistently does not respond to sound (no startle, no turning to voice, no babble) or to sight (no fixing or following, eyes not moving together, white pupil). Loss of a previous skill and persistent parental concern always warrant referral. White pupil or sudden change needs prompt medical referral; slower concerns go to PHC or DEIC for hearing and vision screening.
Read the answer Answer12–18 Month Developmental Milestones
Between 12 and 18 months, most toddlers begin walking, say a few clear words, point to share interest, follow simple one-step requests, and feed themselves finger foods. This is a wide, normal window — steady progress matters more than exact dates. Consider a developmental check if by 18 months there is no pointing, no words, no attempt to walk, or any loss of skills.
Read the answer AnswerWhat should an 18-to-24-month-old be able to do?
By 18–24 months most toddlers walk and begin to run, use single words moving towards joining two together, point to share interest, copy everyday actions, and begin self-feeding with a spoon. Milestones are a guide, not a stopwatch — a gentle check brings clarity if you notice no words by 18 months, no two-word phrases or walking by 24 months, or any loss of skills.
Read the answer AnswerWhat should a 2-year-old be able to do?
Most 2-year-olds run and climb, use around 50+ words and join two words together, follow simple instructions, and start pretend play. Milestones are a range, not a deadline — consider a gentle check if there are no single words, no walking, no copying or pretend play, or any loss of skills by 24 months.
Read the answer AnswerWhat should a 3-to-6-month-old be able to do?
By 3 to 6 months most babies hold their head steady, push up in tummy time, reach for and grasp toys, roll over, laugh and coo back, and turn towards sounds and faces. These are typical ranges, not deadlines — a quick check helps if your baby misses several or loses a skill.
Read the answer AnswerWhat should a 3-year-old be able to do?
Most 3-year-olds speak in short 3–4 word sentences understood by familiar adults, run and climb stairs, pedal a tricycle, enjoy pretend play, and follow two-step instructions. Milestones are a guide, not a deadline — a wide range is normal. A friendly check helps if your child isn't using sentences, isn't pretending, falls very often, or has lost earlier skills.
Read the answer AnswerWhat should a 4-year-old be able to do?
Most 4-year-olds speak in full sentences strangers understand, tell short stories, play pretend with friends, hop on one foot, draw a person, and dress with little help. Milestones are a guide, not a finish line — steady progress matters more than hitting every item, and a gentle check helps if several areas seem behind.
Read the answer AnswerWhat should a 5-year-old be able to do?
Most 5-year-olds speak in clear sentences and tell stories, play cooperatively with friends, hop and balance, draw a person, count and know some letters, and dress themselves. These are guides, not tests — children vary. A gentle developmental check helps if several areas seem behind.
Read the answer AnswerWhat Should a 6-to-9-Month-Old Be Able to Do?
Between 6 and 9 months most babies sit with little support, roll both ways, pass toys hand to hand, babble repeated sounds like "ba-ba", respond to their name and enjoy peek-a-boo. Milestones arrive across a range, not on a fixed date. A friendly developmental check helps if your baby isn't sitting, babbling, reaching or responding by around 9 months.
Read the answer AnswerWhat Should a 6-Year-Old Be Able to Do?
Most 6-year-olds can hop, skip and ride a bike, write their name and read simple words, count past 20, hold a conversation and play cooperatively by rules. These are guideposts, not a finish line — children bloom on their own timelines. A gentle developmental check helps if difficulties are persistent and across-the-board.
Read the answer Answer9-to-12-Month Milestones
By 9–12 months most babies sit steadily, crawl, pull to stand and cruise, use a pincer grasp, babble ("mamama"), respond to their name, wave and point, and find a hidden toy. Ranges are wide and progress matters most; ask for a check if there's no babble or gesture, no response to name, or any lost skill by 12 months.
Read the answer AnswerWhat should a newborn be able to do?
A newborn is built for connection, not skills. Expect reflexes, feeding, brief alertness and face-watching early on; by 2–3 months look for the first social smile, cooing, head-lifting in tummy time and eye-tracking. These are gentle ranges — babies arrive on their own timeline.
Read the answer AnswerWhat signs in adaptive development should a teacher notice and flag?
Teachers can flag adaptive-development concerns when a child consistently needs far more help than same-age peers with self-care, daily routines and independence — eating, dressing, toileting, hygiene, transitions and everyday safety — or when a learned skill slips. Look for a persistent gap across weeks, several areas affected together, or a widening gap over the term. These are observations to share warmly with parents and a developmental team, never to diagnose in the classroom. Keep brief factual notes and suggest a developmental check, because early, strengths-first support works best before any conclusion.
Read the answer AnswerWhat cognitive signs should a teacher notice and flag?
In cognitive development (ICF mental functions, b1), teachers should notice and flag patterns such as short attention span, difficulty following multi-step instructions, trouble remembering routines or recently taught material, slow cause-and-effect or problem-solving, and difficulty with sorting, counting or matching compared with same-age peers. These are observations to document and share with parents, not diagnoses. A hearing and vision check and a general developmental screen are sensible first steps.
Read the answer AnswerWhat signs in a child's Communication development should a teacher notice and flag?
Teachers should notice and flag children who speak far less than peers, struggle to follow simple instructions, have very unclear speech, rarely start or join conversations, or don't take turns and share. These are signs to observe and flag to parents and support staff — not to diagnose. A persisting pattern, several areas affected, a child left out of participation, or any sudden loss of words deserves prompt attention, alongside a hearing check.
Read the answer AnswerEmotional development: signs a teacher should notice and flag
Teachers can notice early emotional-development signs such as frequent intense meltdowns that are hard to settle, withdrawal from peers and play, difficulty recovering after upsets, and flat or mismatched mood. These are signs to observe and flag warmly with parents, never to diagnose in the classroom. When a pattern persists for weeks, appears in more than one setting, or affects learning and friendships, a developmental screen helps make sense of it early.
Read the answer AnswerWhat signs in a child's Motor development should a teacher notice and flag?
Teachers should notice and flag persistent clumsiness, frequent tripping or falling, trouble with stairs, running, balance or catching, awkward pencil grip, difficulty with buttons, zips or scissors, messy or laboured writing, tiring quickly in physical play, and avoidance of drawing, writing or PE. These are observations to flag and share with parents, not to diagnose. One concern that persists across weeks, or several together, is the signal to start a kind conversation and suggest a developmental check.
Read the answer AnswerWhat signs in a child's Sensory development should a teacher notice and flag?
Teachers can notice sensory signs such as covering ears at ordinary noise, distress at certain textures, constant movement-seeking, missing instructions despite normal hearing, sensitivity to bright light, or not noticing minor injuries. These are observations to flag with parents and the school team, not to diagnose. A pattern seen across several weeks — affecting learning, friendships or safety — matters more than a single off day, and a general developmental, hearing and vision check is the kind first step.
Read the answer AnswerSocial Development Signs a Teacher Should Notice and Flag
Teachers can flag a child who rarely joins group play, struggles to share or take turns, finds eye contact and back-and-forth conversation hard, misreads others' feelings, or stays on the edge of the group across weeks. One or two off-days are normal; a pattern that persists or shows in more than one area is worth noting plainly and sharing warmly with parents and a developmental team. These are observations to notice and flag, never to diagnose.
Read the answer AnswerSigns of an Auditory Difficulty in Children
Hearing shapes speech, language and connection, so signs of an auditory difficulty often appear in how a child responds and talks — not startling to loud sounds, not turning to your voice, slow babbling or few words, turning the TV up loud, frequent ear infections, or seeming to 'tune out'. Hearing may be partial or fluctuate, so clues can be subtle. These are reasons to check, not to panic, as early support helps children catch up beautifully.
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