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Influence
Explore explanations, everyday questions and next steps connected with influence.
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Causes & influences
Are girls more likely to have Auditory Processing Difficulties?
There is no strong evidence that girls are more likely to have Auditory Processing Difficulties; reported gender differences are small and inconsistent. What matters is the pattern of listening you observe — coping in noise, following instructions — and ruling out hearing loss first. Any concern deserves a structured assessment, not a guess.
Read the answer AnswerAre girls more likely to have Autism Spectrum?
Girls are not more likely to have autism — boys are diagnosed more often, historically three to four times as much. But autism in girls is frequently missed or diagnosed later because girls may mask their differences. What matters is the persistent pattern over time, recognised at a Pinnacle centre by qualified clinicians.
Read the answer AnswerAre girls more likely to have Cerebral Palsy?
Girls are not more likely to have cerebral palsy — in fact CP is slightly more common in boys, roughly a 1.3-to-1 ratio. The difference is modest, and what matters far more than a child's sex is the underlying cause and how early support begins.
Read the answer AnswerAre girls more likely to have childhood anxiety?
Anxiety is reported somewhat more often in girls than boys, particularly from the school years — but this is a population pattern, not a rule for any one child. What matters is whether worry is persistent, distressing and disruptive across settings; if so, seek an early developmental check regardless of your child's sex. A clinical AbilityScore® and any diagnosis are formed only at a Pinnacle centre under clinician care.
Read the answer AnswerAre girls more likely to have Childhood Apraxia of Speech?
Childhood Apraxia of Speech is identified more often in boys than girls, with most studies suggesting roughly a 2-3:1 ratio. But this is a population trend, not a rule for any individual child — girls can certainly have CAS, and the signs, assessment and therapy are identical. The deciding factor is the speech pattern, not the child's sex.
Read the answer AnswerAre girls more likely to have childhood epilepsy?
Girls are not generally more likely to have childhood epilepsy — overall rates are similar between boys and girls, with only small differences by specific seizure type. Sex is not a useful screening signal; what matters is recognising seizure-like events and seeking prompt medical review by a paediatrician or neurologist.
Read the answer AnswerAre girls more likely to have childhood sleep difficulties?
In early childhood, sleep difficulties are about as common in girls as in boys; any sex differences are small and matter far less than routine, environment and underlying health. Sex is not a useful predictor of childhood sleep problems, and a clinical assessment is formed only at a Pinnacle centre under clinician care.
Read the answer AnswerAre girls more likely to have Conduct-Dissocial Disorder?
Conduct-Dissocial Disorder (ICD-11 6C91) is diagnosed more often in boys than girls, not the reverse. Girls can experience it too, sometimes with more relational rather than overtly aggressive behaviour, which means it can be under-recognised. What matters most is whether a behaviour pattern is persistent, across settings and causing real difficulty — that warrants a developmental check.
Read the answer AnswerAre girls more likely to have Developmental Coordination Disorder?
DCD is identified more often in boys, with roughly two to three boys per girl in clinical data. But much of that gap reflects referral and recognition bias rather than true prevalence — girls' difficulties are quieter and more easily missed. A daughter who struggles with handwriting, sport or self-care deserves the same careful assessment as a son.
Read the answer AnswerAre girls more likely to have Developmental Language Disorder?
Girls are not more likely to have Developmental Language Disorder — slightly more boys are identified, with a modest ratio of around 1.3–2 to 1. But girls are often under-identified because their difficulties can be quieter, so a girl's language concern deserves the same attention as a boy's. DLD affects around 1 in 14 children of either sex.
Read the answer AnswerAre girls more likely to have developmental regression?
There is no clear evidence that girls overall are more likely than boys to have developmental regression — several patterns are seen more in boys. A few rare conditions like Rett syndrome do affect girls almost exclusively, but the cause matters far more than sex. Any loss of skills, in a girl or boy, needs a prompt review.
Read the answer AnswerAre girls more likely to have Developmental Trauma?
Developmental trauma is not more likely in girls than boys — exposure to early adversity affects any child. What differs is presentation: girls more often internalise distress (anxiety, withdrawal, quietness), so it can be easier to miss. Watch the pattern, not the gender, and seek a clinician-led developmental check if concerns persist.
Read the answer AnswerAre girls more likely to have Down syndrome?
Girls are not more likely to have Down syndrome than boys. It is caused by an extra chromosome 21 occurring by chance at conception, unrelated to the baby's sex. The main factor linked to higher likelihood is the mother's age, not whether the child is a girl or a boy.
Read the answer AnswerAre girls more likely to have dyscalculia?
Dyscalculia is not meaningfully more common in girls; most evidence shows broadly similar rates across sexes. Boys are simply referred more often, while girls who mask their struggle get overlooked. Watch the difficulty, not the gender, and seek a structured check early.
Read the answer AnswerAre Girls More Likely to Have Dysgraphia?
Girls are not more likely to have dysgraphia; if anything, written-expression difficulties are seen slightly more often in boys, though the gap is small and partly reflects referral patterns. A child's sex does not determine dysgraphia — the individual writing pattern does. Girls' struggles are sometimes missed, so any persistent gap between spoken ideas and written output deserves a clinician-led look around ages 7–8.
Read the answer AnswerAre girls more likely to have dyslexia?
Girls are not more likely to have dyslexia than boys. Boys are historically identified more often, but whole-population screening shows the true difference is small — girls are frequently under-recognised because they mask their reading difficulty. Any child who struggles to read deserves screening regardless of sex.
Read the answer AnswerAre girls more likely to have Emotional & Behavioural Difficulties?
Girls are not simply more likely to have emotional and behavioural difficulties overall. Difficulties tend to present differently by sex — boys show more outward, disruptive behaviour while girls more often carry quieter internalising struggles like anxiety and low mood, which are easily under-recognised. AbilityScore® is part of Pinnacle’s developmental assessment. Diagnosis, where needed, requires an appropriately qualified healthcare professional.
Read the answer AnswerAre girls more likely to have feeding and eating difficulties?
For the everyday feeding and eating difficulties of early childhood, there is no strong evidence that girls are more likely than boys — these affect children of all genders fairly evenly. Early feeding struggles are far more shaped by oral-motor skills, sensory processing, medical history and mealtime experience than by gender. A clearer sex difference appears only later, in adolescence, for some specific eating disorders.
Read the answer AnswerAre girls more likely to have FASD?
Girls are not specifically more likely to have Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder — FASD comes from prenatal alcohol exposure and can affect any child regardless of sex. Evidence on sex differences is mixed and depends on exposure and how children are identified. What matters is early recognition and a structured developmental check for your individual child, formed only at a Pinnacle centre under clinician care.
Read the answer AnswerAre girls more likely to have fine motor delay?
Girls are not inherently more likely to have fine motor delay. Sex differences in early fine motor skills are small and inconsistent; a child's own pace, practice and overall development matter far more. A clinician-led developmental check is the surest way to know if a child needs time or gentle support.
Read the answer AnswerAre girls more likely to have genetic or chromosomal syndromes?
Genetic and chromosomal syndromes overall are not more common in girls than boys — the risk depends entirely on the specific syndrome. Some (Turner, Rett) are far more common in girls; others (Fragile X, Duchenne) are more common in boys, mostly because of how the X and Y chromosomes work. For many syndromes, including Down syndrome, the chance is similar in both. A clinical AbilityScore and any diagnosis are formed only at a Pinnacle centre.
Read the answer AnswerAre girls more likely to have Global Developmental Delay?
Global Developmental Delay is seen slightly more often in boys than girls, not more in girls. The difference is modest and predicts nothing for an individual child — early recognition and timely support matter far more than a child's sex. AbilityScore® is part of Pinnacle’s developmental assessment. Diagnosis, where needed, requires an appropriately qualified healthcare professional.
Read the answer AnswerAre girls more likely to have gross motor delay?
Girls are not meaningfully more likely to have gross motor delay; if anything they reach some early milestones slightly earlier on average. Sex is a weak predictor for any individual child — prematurity, birth weight and movement opportunity matter far more. Watch the milestones, not the gender, and seek a check if your child misses key movement stages.
Read the answer AnswerAre girls more likely to have hearing impairment?
Being a girl does not meaningfully raise the risk of hearing impairment. Childhood hearing loss is driven by genetics, pregnancy infections, birth complications, ear infections and noise — not by a child's sex. Some studies show a very slight male tendency, but it changes nothing: every child deserves early hearing screening and watchful care.
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